Introduction: Increasing levels of free radicals in the ova reduce the quality of their fertilization. Investigations have revealed the elevated production of tissue and serum-free radicals in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Sirtuin-3 is located in mitochondria and plays an important role in the deactivation of free radicals. This study aimed to investigate the expression of the Sirtuin-3 gene in the ova of polycystic ovary syndrome affected mice. Material & Methods: Polycystic ovary syndrome was induced by the injection of estradiol valerate (40 mg/kg) in six NMRI mice (age: six weeks old,weight: 25±, 5),moreover, six mice were selected as a control group. Following the induction, the structure of the ovaries was examined using the histotechnique, and the serum levels of sex hormones were determined using ELISA. The ova were collected from the ovaries, and their RNA was extracted by a special kit and converted to cDNA. Real-Time PCR was performed to analyze the expression of Sirtuin-3, and the Gapdh gene was selected as an internal control. (Ethic code: 97/6505) Findings: In the mice with polycystic ovary syndrome, hydatid cysts were formed in the ovaries. Furthermore, serum FSH hormone levels decreased in the affected mice, while LH and testosterone levels elevated, compared to those in the control mice (P<0. 001). The expression of Sirtuin-3 was reduced in the ova of mice with polycystic ovary syndrome, compared to that in healthy mice in the ratio of 0. 18 (P<0. 05). Discussion & Conclusion: The result of the present study showed that the expression of the Sirtuin-3 gene was decreased in the ovum of mice with polycystic ovary syndrome. Moreover, the disrupted expression of the Sirtuin-3 in the ovum can be suggested as one of the causes of reduced quality of the ovum in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), serving as a deacetylase, is critical in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Recently, a number of studies have been conducted to investigate the role of SIRT1 in the pathogenesis of T2DM. However, there are no sufficient data about the relationship between SIRT1 and T2DM. The aim of this study was to analyze the expressions of microRNAs (miRNAs) (miR‑ 34a, miR‑ 9, miR‑ 132, and miR‑ 181a) involved in SIRT1 regulation and SIRT1 protein in the serum of T2DM patients and controls. Materials and Methods: miRNA expressions were determined by real‑ time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme‑ linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the SIRT1 protein levels in 25 T2DM patients and 25 controls. Results: Fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in patients when compared with controls (P < 0. 001). There was no difference for miRNA expressions between the groups (P > 0. 05). SIRT1 protein level was significantly increased in patients as compared to controls (P = 0. 044). Moreover, SIRT1 was negatively correlated with miR‑ 181a (r = − 0. 558, P = 0. 005) and miR‑ 132 (r = − 0. 435, P = 0. 034) in patients. Conclusion: Obtained results indicate that serum SIRT1 may be a potentially new biomarker for T2DM and also miR‑ 181a and miR‑ 132 may be involved in the development of T2DM by targeting SIRT1. This is the first study reporting on the effects of SIRT1 and related miRNAs in Turkish T2DM patients.

Background and Objective: SIRT proteins are involved in the body's metabolic processes and homeostasis and are associated with oxidative stress due to aging and age-related diseases. Changes in these proteins in aging and the effect of physical activity on them have been less studied, so the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of interval training on plasma levels of sirt1 and sirt3 proteins in inactive elderly men. Materials and Methods: In this study, 20 inactive elderly men aged 70-60 years were selected by available sampling and divided into experimental and control groups by simple random sampling. To investigate the effect of aging on plasma levels of Sirt1 and Sirt3 proteins, 10 inactive young men were selected by purposive sampling. The training program consisted of eight weeks of interval training with a moderate intensity of 50% of the reserve heart rate based on the principle of overload. Plasma levels of Sirt1 and Sirt3 proteins were measured in two stages of pre-test and post-test. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the pre-test of the three groups and the analysis of covariance was used to compare the post-test of the two groups of training elderly and control elderly. Results: The results showed that plasma levels of Sirt1 and Sirt3 proteins in the elderly group were significantly lower than the young group (P <0. 05). Also, due to eight weeks of interval training, the levels of the above proteins increased significantly (P <0. 05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that moderate interval exercise with increasing the Sirt1 and Sirt3 proteins, can reduce the oxidative stress caused by aging and lead to increased antioxidant defense and improve the quality of life in the elderly.

Introduction: Aging is one of the most important risk factors for some disease, so that one of the major aims of aging research is the identification and analysis of compounds that playing role in delay aging and increase longevity. In rodents’ Caloric Restriction (CR), in a way that does not cause malnutrition, increased lifespan 50%, however it leave harmful effects, so researchers sought to find a combination that can imitate the effects of CR without any harmful effects. Resveratrol is one of the natural chemicals derived from plants that it is a member of polyphenols family, and it has great antioxidant nature. This article reviews the mechanisms of resveratrol functions on longevity and prevention from aging and aging-related diseases and processes.Materials & methods: This study has reviewed 40 published articles by using PubMed, Elsevier, NCBI and EBSCO databases to explaining the resveratrol function in longevity.Findings: Recently, it has been proven that, Resveratrol by delaying all the processes of aging, increased lifespan in many animals in Laboratory model, including fruit flies, nematodes, fishes and mice.Discussion & Conclusion: The action mechanism of resveratrol is very similar to CR action mechanism, both can extend lifespan by improving disease related to aging, such as, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, Alzheimer and cancer which this resveratrol effects depended on Sirtuins activity that evolutionarily, they are classified as conserved family of NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylase, particularly SIRT1, which is the main regulator of molecular mechanism of aging processes.